β³οΈ Leukocytes (sign of inflammation)
Other signs of inflammation:
presence of bacteria;
"+" nitrite test;
"+" leukocyte esterase;
pH> 6.5.
If there are no indications for treatment, antibiotics should be prescribed only after additional examination: urinalysis and ultrasound examination of the kidneys.
The formation of coral stones is caused by bacteria that alkalinize urine with urease enzyme. does notβ
It is not unusual for such patients to undergo ultrasound examination of the kidneys after six months of antibiotics, which have a temporary effect.
π Bacteriological laboratory should be located in the building of urine collection
π Urine should be given directly to the laboratory, from the middle part
β³οΈ Erythrocytes: oncopathological signs, only (ICD, trauma, glomerulonephritis, etc.) not
"Modified" erythrocytes - from the upper urinary tract (kidneys, ureters)
"Unmodified" - from the lower.
Remember the rules of urine collection:
π Remember that red blood cells usually appear after vigorous physical activity, especially running and similar physical activity) πββοΈπββοΈββ‘οΈ
π It is not uncommon for red blood cells to appear in the urine of patients taking anticoagulants after a stroke and heart attack, after valve replacement, rhythm disorders, etc.
π Remember that in 50% of cases, the cause of the appearance of red blood cells in the urine remains unclear.
However, when red blood cells appear in the urine, the most important thing is to rule out oncopathology and other serious causes, such as stones in the kidney and urinary tract.
collection).β³οΈ Protein in the urine:
It should be evaluated when there are no large number of cells (leukocytes and erythrocytes) in the urine.
Isolated proteinuria is a sign of kidney glomeruli damage.
More accurate information is given by the daily proteinuria or albumin-creatinine ratio in the urine
β³οΈ BLOOD TEST: Creatinine
Creatinine is formed from creatine in the muscles is a substance.
Almost all creatinine is excreted by the kidneys, so its concentration in the blood is a good indicator of their activity.
The amount of creatinine produced depends on the total body weight and muscle mass. Its weight and structure are different in men, women and children.
Nephrologists pay attention to the more accurate indicator "glomerular filtration rate (GFR)".
It can be obtained using various methods, the simplest of which is based on the level of creatinine in the blood, taking into account the patient's age and gender.
β΄οΈ Ultrasound examination of the kidney and bladder
In most cases, it is convenient and safe to provide comprehensive information about the condition of the kidneys. research.
